Action Items and Monitoring Plan
Priority Cascade
🟠Immediate | 🔵 Short-Term | 🟢 Ongoing | 🟤 Gate
flowchart TD
subgraph Immediate
GP[GP Appointment] --> PHB[Phlebotomy Referral]
GP --> MRI[Hepatic Iron MRI]
GP --> GENE[Extended Iron Gene Panel]
end
subgraph ST["Short-Term - 1-3 Months"]
ENDO[Endocrine Panel]
PHARM[Pharmacogenomics / MTHFR]
XRAY[Hand + Spine Imaging]
VITD[Vitamin D Test]
end
subgraph Ongoing
QB[Quarterly Bloods] --> FTRK[Ferritin + TSAT Tracking]
SR[Supplement Review] --> ADJ[Dose Adjustments]
AN[Annual Full Panel]
end
MRI -->|confirms overload| PHB
PHB -->|Hb adequate?| D1{Decision Gate}
D1 -->|Yes| START[Begin Phlebotomy]
D1 -->|No| WAIT[Defer + Recheck]
FTRK -->|target met?| D2{Decision Gate}
D2 -->|Ferritin 50-100| MAINT[Maintenance Phase]
D2 -->|Still elevated| PHB
classDef immediate fill:#f0b27a,stroke:#ca6f1e,color:#1a1000
classDef shortterm fill:#85c1e9,stroke:#2471a3,color:#0a1929
classDef ongoing fill:#58d68d,stroke:#1e8449,color:#0a1f12
classDef gate fill:#d5dbdb,stroke:#7f8c8d,color:#1a1a1a
class GP,PHB,MRI,GENE immediate
class ENDO,PHARM,XRAY,VITD shortterm
class QB,SR,AN,FTRK,ADJ ongoing
class D1,D2 gatePriority Assessment
Based on synthesis across all research notes, your situation is:
- Genotype: "low risk" compound heterozygote (HFE Compound Heterozygosity)
- Phenotype: actively loading iron despite dietary changes (Blood Results - March 2026)
- Symptoms: fatigue, burnout, lower back pain (Fatigue and Burnout, Arthropathy and Back Pain)
- Complicating factors: ADHD/autism, Elvanse 70mg, borderline copper/zinc
Your phenotype overrides your genotype. You need management as someone with iron overload, not reassurance based on statistics.
Tier 1 — Discuss With GP/Haematologist Urgently
1. Request Hepatic Iron MRI (T2* / FerriScan)
- Why: EASL guidelines state non-C282Y homozygotes with elevated TSAT + ferritin need hepatic iron quantification for diagnosis
- What it shows: liver iron concentration (LIC) in umol/g dry weight
- Normal: < 36 umol/g; significant overload: > 80 umol/g
- Non-invasive, widely available in NHS, no contrast needed
- Reference: EASL Guidelines on Haemochromatosis, J Hepatol 2022
2. Discuss Therapeutic Phlebotomy
- Why: ferritin 380, TSAT 60%, previously 700 — diet alone has plateaued
- Target: ferritin 50-100 ug/L, TSAT < 50%
- Typical regime: 450-500ml blood every 2-4 weeks initially; maintenance every 3-6 months
- Even in compound hets: phlebotomy is indicated when biochemical iron overload is confirmed
- Bonus: reducing iron stores may improve copper and zinc status (Copper-Zinc-Iron Interactions)
- Reference: Adams PC. Blood 2010;116(3):317-325
3. Investigate Other Iron-Loading Genes
- Your report states: "Other causes of severe iron loading should also be investigated"
- Request: extended iron-gene panel (HAMP, HJV, TFR2, SLC40A1, TMPRSS6)
- Why: your phenotype exceeds what C282Y/H63D alone typically produces
Tier 2 — Investigate Within 1-3 Months
4. Lumbar Spine and Hand Imaging
- X-ray hands (AP): look for hook-like osteophytes at 2nd/3rd MCPs (haemochromatosis sign)
- X-ray or MRI lumbar spine: assess for iron-related degenerative changes
- Reference: Arthropathy and Back Pain
5. Recheck Minerals With Functional Tests
- Erythrocyte zinc (more reliable than serum zinc)
- 24-hour urinary copper (rules out excess excretion)
- Ceruloplasmin oxidase activity (functional, not just protein concentration)
- Serum magnesium (not tested; relevant to ADHD and fatigue)
- Vitamin D (not tested; commonly low, affects iron metabolism)
6. Full Blood Count + Reticulocytes
- Ensure haemoglobin is adequate before starting phlebotomy
- Reticulocyte count as baseline for monitoring response
Tier 3 — Ongoing Monitoring
Regular Blood Panel (Every 6 Months During Active Management)
| Test | Target | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ferritin | 50-100 ug/L | Primary monitoring metric during phlebotomy |
| Transferrin saturation | < 50% | Key risk marker for NTBI |
| Serum iron | Mid-range | |
| Full blood count | Hb > 120 g/L (pre-phlebotomy) | Ensure not over-depleting |
| ALT | < 50 iu/L | Hepatocyte integrity |
Annual
| Test | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Liver function panel | Screen for emerging hepatic damage |
| Copper + zinc | Track recovery after iron reduction |
| Fasting glucose / HbA1c | Iron overload increases diabetes risk |
| Cardiac review if symptoms | Iron cardiomyopathy (rare in compound hets but worth baseline awareness) |
Dietary Actions (Immediate, Ongoing)
See Dietary Management - Iron Overload for full detail.
Quick Wins
Mineral Considerations
ADHD/Autism-Specific Considerations
- Iron-Dopamine-ADHD Axis: iron status directly affects dopamine synthesis
- Elvanse and Mineral Metabolism: monitor nutrition under appetite suppression
- Fatigue and Burnout: multiple overlapping causes — iron treatment may improve but won't eliminate neurodivergent burnout
- Sleep: assess sleep quality — ADHD sleep issues + iron dysregulation can compound fatigue
- Exercise: regular moderate exercise helps with back pain, mood, AND iron metabolism (muscle is a major iron consumer)
What to Say to Your GP
"My genetics came back as C282Y/H63D compound heterozygote, which the lab says is usually benign. However, my transferrin saturation is 60% and ferritin is 380 despite dietary changes (down from 700). The EASL guidelines recommend hepatic iron MRI for non-C282Y homozygotes with these iron parameters. I'd like to discuss MRI assessment and whether phlebotomy is appropriate."
This frames your request within clinical guidelines and avoids the conversation being dismissed based on genotype alone.
Tracking Template (For Your Records)
| Date | Ferritin | TSAT | Iron | Copper | Zinc | Hb | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dec 2025 | 738 | — | 26 | — | — | 168 | Baseline; thyroid normal; folate LOW (6.8); RHR 88; see Blood Results - December 2025 |
| Mar 2026 | 380 | 60% | 32 | 14.3 | 12.5 | — | ↓48% ferritin; TSAT above NTBI threshold; see Blood Results - March 2026 |
| Next test | Target: post-MRI/phlebotomy decision |
Cross-References
- Blood Results - March 2026
- HFE Compound Heterozygosity
- Transferrin Saturation - Clinical Significance
- Iron Overload and NTBI
- Copper-Zinc-Iron Interactions
- Ceruloplasmin and Ferroxidase Activity
- Iron-Dopamine-ADHD Axis
- Elvanse and Mineral Metabolism
- Fatigue and Burnout
- Arthropathy and Back Pain
- Dietary Management - Iron Overload